Smallest Countries in Africa - Top 10 Jewel Islands
by B Kishwar
Updated Dec 12, 2023
Top 10 Smallest Country in Africa
1
Seychelles
107,660
460
2
Sao Tome And Principe
231,117
960
3
Western Sahara
584,302
266,000
4
Cape Verde
597,204
4,000
5
Comoros
848,379
1,900
6
Djibouti
1,132,759
23,200
7
Eswatini
1,208,604
17,200
8
Mauritius
1,300,557
2,000
9
Equatorial Guinea
1,705,061
28,100
10
Guinea Bissau
2,140,493
28,100
S.No.
Country
Population
Land Area (Km²)
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Smallest Country in Africa
Nestled on the western coast of Africa, the smallest country on the continent is The Gambia. Despite its modest size, The Gambia boasts a rich history, vibrant culture, and diverse landscapes. Bordered by Senegal on three sides and the Atlantic Ocean on the fourth, this small nation is known for its welcoming hospitality, riverine beauty, and a blend of ethnic groups contributing to its unique identity. Explore the allure of Africa encapsulated within the boundaries of The Gambia, a pint-sized gem with a big heart.
1. Seychelles
Seychelles, an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, is renowned for its stunning natural beauty and turquoise waters. Located off the eastern coast of Africa, Seychelles is celebrated for its pristine beaches, coral reefs, and lush tropical landscapes.
The capital city, Victoria, is situated on the largest island, Mahé, and is home to vibrant markets, Creole architecture, and the iconic Clock Tower. Seychelles is not only a paradise for beach lovers but also a sanctuary for unique flora and fauna, with rare bird species and giant Aldabra tortoises inhabiting some of its islands. The country is committed to sustainable tourism, and visitors can explore marine reserves, national parks, and marine life conservation efforts, making Seychelles a destination that harmonizes luxury with environmental preservation.
2. Sao Tome And Principe
Sao Tome and Principe, a small island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, consists of two main islands, Sao Tome and Principe, along with several smaller islets. Known for its volcanic landscapes, dense rainforests, and cocoa plantations, this tropical haven offers a unique blend of biodiversity and cultural richness. The Portuguese influence, evident in the architecture and language, adds a historical dimension to the islands.
Visitors can explore colonial-era structures in the capital city, São Tomé, and traverse the lush Obo National Park, where endemic species thrive. The picturesque town of Santo António on Principe Island provides a glimpse into the laid-back island lifestyle, making Sao Tome and Principe an off-the-beaten-path destination for those seeking tranquility and unspoiled natural beauty in the heart of the Atlantic Ocean.
3. Western Sahara
Western Sahara, located on the northwest coast of Africa, is a region known for its unique geopolitical status. While its sovereignty remains a subject of international dispute, the area is characterized by vast stretches of desert, including parts of the Sahara. The indigenous Sahrawi people have a rich nomadic heritage, and their culture is deeply intertwined with the arid landscapes they inhabit.
The city of Laayoune serves as the de facto capital, offering a glimpse into the daily lives and aspirations of the local population. The region's natural wonders include the sprawling Hammada du Draa desert and the dramatic landscapes of the Dakhla Peninsula along the Atlantic coast. Western Sahara, with its complex history and stark beauty, stands as a testament to the challenges and resilience of its people in the face of ongoing political complexities.
4. Cape Verde
Situated in the Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of Africa, Cape Verde is an archipelago of ten volcanic islands known for its captivating landscapes and vibrant culture. With a blend of African, Portuguese, and Creole influences, Cape Verde offers a unique cultural mosaic.
Praia, the capital, is a lively city on Santiago Island, while other islands like Sal and Boa Vista attract visitors with their pristine beaches and water activities. The country's music, such as morna and coladeira, reflects its diverse heritage. Cape Verde has made strides in sustainable development and is recognized for its stability, making it a destination for those seeking a mix of natural beauty and cultural richness.
5. Comoros
Nestled in the Indian Ocean between Mozambique and Madagascar, the Comoros archipelago comprises three major islands: Grande Comore, Mohéli, and Anjouan, along with numerous smaller islets. Known for its lush landscapes, including volcanic peaks and coral reefs, Comoros is a haven for nature enthusiasts.
Moroni, the capital, showcases a blend of Arab, Persian, and French influences, evident in its architecture and cuisine. The country has a distinct cultural identity, shaped by its history as a crossroads of trade and migration. Comoros offers a tranquil escape with its pristine beaches, vibrant marine life, and a rich cultural tapestry waiting to be explored.
6. Djibouti
Located on the Horn of Africa, Djibouti is a small yet strategically significant country known for its geopolitical importance and diverse landscapes. Djibouti City, the capital, serves as a key port for the region. The country is home to Lake Assal, the lowest point in Africa, and the otherworldly landscapes of the Afar Triangle.
Djibouti's cultural fabric is woven with influences from Arab, Somali, and French traditions, creating a unique blend. The bustling markets, historic mosques, and the Day Forest National Park add to Djibouti's charm. As a gateway to the Red Sea, Djibouti plays a crucial role in international trade and has become a destination for those seeking adventure, culture, and a glimpse into the country's strategic importance.
7. Eswatini
Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland, is a landlocked kingdom located in Southern Africa. Despite its small size, Eswatini is renowned for its stunning landscapes, cultural richness, and a monarchy that plays a central role in its governance. The country is characterized by lush mountains, fertile valleys, and traditional Swazi villages that reflect its deep-rooted heritage. The Swazi people, known for their warm hospitality and colorful ceremonies, contribute to the vibrant cultural tapestry of Eswatini. The annual Reed Dance, where thousands of young women participate, is a captivating showcase of Swazi traditions.
Eswatini faces both modern and traditional challenges, striving to balance economic development with the preservation of its cultural identity. The monarchy, led by King Mswati III, remains an integral part of the nation's governance. As Eswatini continues to navigate its path, it remains a destination that captivates visitors with its cultural richness and the scenic beauty of places like the Ezulwini Valley and Malolotja Nature Reserve.
8. Mauritius
Mauritius, an island nation situated in the Indian Ocean, is celebrated for its breathtaking beaches, coral reefs, and a cultural melting pot that reflects its diverse history. The country, known for its economic stability and vibrant tourism industry, is a tropical paradise that attracts visitors with its crystal-clear waters and lush landscapes. The capital city, Port Louis, bustles with a unique blend of French, Creole, Indian, and Chinese influences, creating a distinctive cultural mosaic.
Beyond its idyllic beaches, Mauritius boasts natural wonders like the Black River Gorges National Park and the Seven Colored Earths in Chamarel. The multicultural society contributes to a rich culinary scene, and the warm hospitality of the Mauritian people adds an extra layer of charm. Mauritius has successfully positioned itself as a global economic hub while preserving its environmental treasures, making it a prime example of sustainable development in the African region.
9. Equatorial Guinea
Situated on the west coast of Central Africa, Equatorial Guinea is a small but culturally diverse country. Comprising the mainland region (Río Muni) and several islands, the nation is primarily known for its economic reliance on oil production. Malabo, located on Bioko Island, serves as the capital, while Bata, on the mainland, is the largest city. Equatorial Guinea's population represents a mosaic of ethnicities, including Fang, Bubi, and others, contributing to a rich tapestry of traditions and languages. Despite its economic wealth, challenges such as income inequality and limited political freedoms persist. Visitors are drawn to the country's natural beauty, from lush rainforests to volcanic landscapes, making Equatorial Guinea a unique destination in the heart of Africa.
The country has undergone significant development since its independence from Spanish rule in 1968, and oil revenues have fueled infrastructure projects. However, concerns regarding governance and human rights have been raised. Equatorial Guinea's complex blend of cultural heritage and economic dynamics makes it an intriguing subject for those interested in the intricate narratives of African nations.
10. Guinea Bissau
Located on the west coast of Africa, Guinea-Bissau is a small, coastal country with a diverse cultural heritage. The capital, Bissau, is a bustling city that reflects the nation's history of Portuguese colonization. Guinea-Bissau gained independence in 1973, and its people, primarily made up of ethnic groups like the Balanta, Fula, and Mandinka, contribute to a vibrant cultural mosaic. The country's position along the Atlantic Ocean adds to its natural beauty, featuring coastal plains, mangrove swamps, and the Bijagós Archipelago. Despite its scenic landscapes, Guinea-Bissau faces challenges such as political instability and economic struggles.
Guinea-Bissau's history has been marked by political turmoil and military coups, impacting its socio-economic development. Agriculture remains a vital sector, employing a significant portion of the population. The country's rich musical traditions and festivals showcase the resilience and spirit of its people. While facing various obstacles, Guinea-Bissau continues to strive for stability and development, making it a fascinating subject for those interested in the complex narratives of West African nations.
Which Country Holds the Title of the Smallest in Africa?
The smallest country in Africa is Seychelles, an archipelago situated in the Indian Ocean off the eastern coast of the continent. Comprising 115 islands, Seychelles is known for its breathtaking landscapes, pristine beaches, and vibrant coral reefs. The country is located northeast of Madagascar and about 1,600 kilometers (994 miles) east of mainland Africa. The capital city, Victoria, is situated on the largest island, Mahé.
Despite its small land area, Seychelles boasts rich biodiversity, with unique flora and fauna. The granitic islands, such as Mahé, Praslin, and La Digue, contribute to the country's distinct charm. Seychelles is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its turquoise waters, white-sand beaches, and diverse marine life. The Creole culture, influenced by African, French, and Asian heritage, adds a unique flavor to the Seychellois way of life. While small in size, Seychelles' significance extends beyond its shores, making it a captivating destination for those seeking a blend of natural beauty and cultural richness in the heart of the Indian Ocean.
Smallest Country in Africa - FAQs
Equatorial Guinea relies heavily on oil production as its primary source of economic revenue.
Equatorial Guinea gained independence from Spanish rule in 1968.
Equatorial Guinea is home to diverse ethnic groups, including the Fang, Bubi, and others.
Guinea-Bissau faces challenges such as political instability and economic struggles, impacting its development.
Bissau is the capital of Guinea-Bissau, reflecting the country's history of Portuguese colonization.